Physical activity levels in children with sensory problems: Cross-sectional analyses from the Millennium Cohort Study

Genevieve Williams; Daniel Aggio; Brendon Stubbs; Shahina Pardhan; Benjamin Gardner; Lee Smith

doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.07.002

Physical activity levels in children with sensory problems: Cross-sectional analyses from the Millennium Cohort Study

Disabil Health J. 2018 Jan;11(1):58-61. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.07.002. Epub 2017 Jul 11.

Authors

Genevieve Williams¹, Daniel Aggio², Brendon Stubbs³, Shahina Pardhan⁴, Benjamin Gardner⁵, Lee Smith⁶

Affiliations

¹ The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
² UCL Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, UK.
³ Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
⁴ Vision and Eye Research Unit, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
⁵ Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
⁶ The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK. Electronic address: lee.smith@anglia.ac.uk.

PMID: 28712953
DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.07.002

Abstract

Background: Hearing and vision impairments/problems are associated with increased risk of premature mortality in adulthood. One potential pathway explaining this association is reduced levels of physical activity. Reductions in activity levels due to sensory impairments may commence earlier in life; however, associations between sensory impairments/problems and activity levels in childhood are not well understood.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine associations between hearing and vision problems and objectively measured activity levels in a representative sample of British children.

Methods: Data were drawn from sweep 4 of the Millennium Cohort Study, a prospective cohort study among children aged 7. Child hearing and vision problems were reported by parents in a postal survey. Children were also invited to have their physical activity measured objectively via accelerometry. A total of 6410 children had valid accelerometry data accompanied by complete survey data on the variables of interest. The main outcomes were objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, steps and sedentary time. Adjusted linear regression was used to examine associations between vision and hearing problems and objectively measured activity levels.

Results: In this sample of 7-year old children, 16.7% (n = 1068) had a reported vision problem and 11.6% (n = 745) had a hearing problem. Reported vision problems in both eyes, but not one eye, was associated with 2 fewer minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day (B = -2.1 95% Confidence Intervals [CI] -3.9 to -0.4) and almost 200 fewer steps per day (B = -198.4 95% CI, -398.4 to 1.6). Hearing problems were not associated with activity levels in either one or both ears.

Conclusion: Children with visual problems affecting both eyes, but not one eye, are likely to have lower levels of physical activity. Strategies to promote physical activity in children with visual problems are warranted.

Keywords: Children; Hearing; Physical activity; Vision.

MeSH terms

Accelerometry
Child
Child, Preschool
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Disabled Children*
Exercise*
Hearing Disorders*
Humans
Linear Models
Parents
Physical Exertion
Prospective Studies
Surveys and Questionnaires
United Kingdom
Vision Disorders*
Walking