Introduction: Kidney transplantation (KTX) has become one of the most effective therapies of choice for pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The extent to which HLA mismatching influences graft survival following KTX has not been clarified.
Patients and methods: The effect of HLA amino acid residue matching on graft survival was assessed in 36 pediatric patients in whom complete donor-recipient HLA data were available. HLA-A, -B, -DR and HLA-A+B+DR loci residue mismatches were separately analyzed.
Results: HLA-A, -B, -DR residue mismatches showed no significant statistical differences on kidney graft survival probability. When analyzing HLA-A+B+DR loci residue mismatches, the presence of 3 to 4 residue mismatches significantly increased the relative risk of graft rejection (P = .0292).
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