Objective: To investigate the relationship between Work Ⅱ type of congenital first branchial cleft anomaly (CFBCA) and facial nerve and discuss surgical strategies. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 37 patients with CFBCA who were treated from May 2005 to September 2016. Among 37 cases with CFBCA, 12 males and 25 females; 24 in the left and 13 in the right; the age at diagnosis was from 1 to 76 ( years, with a median age of 20, 24 cases with age of 18 years or less and 13 with age more than 18 years; duration of disease ranged from 1 to 10 years (median of 6 years); 4 cases were recurren after fistula resection. According to the classification of Olsen, all 37 cases were non-cyst (sinus or fistula). External fistula located over the mandibular angle in 28 (75.7%) cases and below the angle in 9 (24.3%) cases. Results: Surgeries were performed successfully in all the 37 cases. It was found that lesions located at anterior of the facial nerve in 13 (35.1%) cases, coursed between the branches in 3 cases (8.1%), and lied in the deep of the facial nerve in 21 (56.8%) cases. CFBCA in female with external fistula below mandibular angle and membranous band was more likely to lie deep of the facial nerve than in male with external fistula over the mandibular angle but without myringeal web. Conclusions: CFBCA in female patients with a external fistula located below the mandibular angle, non-cyst of Olsen or a myringeal web is more likely to lie deep of the facial nerve. Surgeons should particularly take care of the protection of facial nerve in these patients, if necessary, facial nerve monitoring technology can be used during surgery to complete resection of lesions.
目的： 总结Work Ⅱ型先天性第一鳃裂畸形(congenital first branchial cleft anomaly，CFBCA)病灶与面神经的解剖关系及外科策略，为术前预判和术中避免面神经损伤提供借鉴。 方法： 回顾分析2005年5月至2016年9月广东省人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科收治的37例Work Ⅱ型CFBCA病例。男12例、女25例；左侧24例、右侧13例；确诊年龄1～48岁(中位10岁)，病程1～10年(中位2年)；≤18岁24例、>18岁13例；初治33例、复发4例。根据Olsen分型均为非囊肿型(窦道型或瘘管型)。病灶下缘位于下颌角以上28例(75.7%)、下颌角以下9例(24.3%)。 结果： 术中发现病灶位于面神经浅面13例(35.1%)、分支间3例(8.1%)、深面21例(56.8%)。女性、病灶下缘位于下颌角以下、有鼓膜蹼的Work Ⅱ型CFBCA病灶较男性、病灶下缘位于下颌角以上、无鼓膜蹼者更倾向位于面神经深面，差异有统计学意义(P＝0.010，0.015，0.036)。 结论： 女性、病灶下缘位于下颌角以下、Olsen非囊肿型、有鼓膜蹼的Work Ⅱ型CFBCA病灶更倾向位于面神经深面或分支之间。掌控手术时机，术中娴熟运用耳外科及腮腺外科精细解剖技巧，必要时使用面神经监护技术，可在保护面神经功能的前提下，彻底根治病灶。.
Keywords: Branchial region; Congenital abnormalities; Facial nerve; Myringeal web.