Dimensions of ethnic identity as protective factors for substance use and sexual risk behaviors in African American college students

J Am Coll Health. 2018 Apr;66(3):178-186. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2017.1400975. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

Abstract

Objective: To examine ethnic identity and ethnic socialization as potential protective factors for risk behaviors among US college students.

Participants: Participants were 398 African American and Afro-Caribbean students recruited from 30 colleges and universities during September 2008-October 2009.

Methods: Data on hazardous alcohol use, substance use, sexual behaviors, ethnic identity, and ethnic/racial socialization were collected. Hierarchical linear and negative binomial regression analyses were conducted to determine the degree to which ethnic identity and ethnic/racial socialization predicted the risk behaviors.

Results: Ethnic Identity affirmation, belonging, and commitment (EI-ABC) significantly predicted lower substance use and hazardous alcohol use. Ethnic/racial socialization was not a significant predictor of substance use or sexual risk behaviors.

Conclusions: Components of ethnic identity are potentially protective against alcohol and substance use behaviors. Additional research is recommended to determine effective intervention strategies.

Keywords: African American; drug use; ethnic identity; sexual risk taking.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Black or African American / psychology*
  • Ethnicity / psychology
  • Female
  • Health Risk Behaviors*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Protective Factors*
  • Risk-Taking
  • Self Concept
  • Sexual Behavior / ethnology*
  • Students / psychology
  • Substance-Related Disorders / ethnology*
  • Universities