Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections After Silicone Breast Implant Reconstruction Emphasize a Diversity of Infecting Mycobacteria

Open Forum Infect Dis. 2017 Sep 2;4(4):ofx189. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofx189. eCollection 2017 Fall.

Abstract

Postsurgical skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are uncommon, indolent, difficult to treat, and often mimic pyogenic bacterial infections. Here we present 3 cases of NTM infections following placement of silicone implants for reconstructive breast surgery. These cases emphasize the importance of a high index of suspicion for NTM in patients with SSI after a prosthetic reconstruction refractory to conventional antibiotic therapy and the importance of early investigation with mycobacterial-specific diagnostics.

Keywords: Non- tuberculous mycobacterial infection; breast cancer; molecular identification; skin and soft tissue infection; surgical site infections.