Non-islet-cell tumour hypoglycaemia (NICTH): About a series of 6 cases

Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2019 Feb;80(1):21-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2018.01.005. Epub 2018 Mar 16.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyse the characteristics of 6 patients managed in a university hospital between 1996 and 2016 for non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH), a form of hypoglycaemia due to the paraneoplastic secretion of IGF-2 or its related substances. RESULTS: Three of these 6 patients (50%), aged over 69 years, including 2 with acromegaloid phenotype, presented with a pleural solitary fibrous tumor (SFT), with median diameter 20 cm (interquartile range, 12.5-20.5) with a low median SUV (3.3 g/mL (QR, 2-7.5)) on 18F-FDG PET. The other 3 patients presented respectively neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the palate (70-year-old woman), retroperitoneal myxofibrosarcoma (66-year-old man) and meningeal hemangiopericytoma (36-year-old woman). All 3 were inoperable and did not respond to any therapy other than glucose solution. Corticosteroid therapy was effective in the 3 SFTs and the NEC. One of the SFTs recurred 10 years later with asymptomatic hypoglycemia, which resolved after reintervention. Median (IQR) blood glucose levels of the 6 patients was 0.4g/L (QR, 0.31-0.41), with hypoinsulinemia at 0.7mIU/L (QR 0.7-2.0), undetectable GH, low IGF-1, normal IGF-2 level in 5/6 cases, a high IGF-2:IGF-1 ratio at 26.9 (QR, 20.8-37.8), hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia. CONCLUSION: NICTH is a rare syndrome, which should be considered in the presence of hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia with low GH and IGF-1, and a IGF-2:IGF-1 ratio>10. Corticosteroid therapy was effective in elderly subjects, particularly with solitary fibrous tumor, which was generally operable. Hemangiopericytoma and myxofibrosarcoma had poor prognosis in younger patients.

Keywords: Hypoglycaemia; Hypoglycémies hypo-insulinémique; Hypoinsulinism; IGF-2; NICTH; Paraneoplastic syndrome; Syndrome paranéoplasique.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Female
  • Fibroma
  • Fibrosarcoma / blood
  • Fibrosarcoma / complications
  • Hemangiopericytoma / blood
  • Hemangiopericytoma / complications
  • Hospitals, University
  • Human Growth Hormone / blood
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemia / blood
  • Hypoglycemia / drug therapy
  • Hypoglycemia / etiology*
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / analysis
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / analysis
  • Magnesium / blood
  • Male
  • Meningeal Neoplasms / blood
  • Meningeal Neoplasms / complications
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / blood
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / complications*
  • Potassium / blood
  • Prognosis
  • Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / blood
  • Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / complications
  • Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural / blood
  • Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural / complications*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • IGF1 protein, human
  • IGF2 protein, human
  • Human Growth Hormone
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor II
  • Magnesium
  • Potassium