Absenteeism and Indirect Economic Burden Associated With Primary and Secondary Hypogonadism: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Analysis of Employed, Commercially Insured Patients in the U.S

J Occup Environ Med. 2018 Aug;60(8):724-731. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001323.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the indirect economic burden incurred by patients with primary and secondary hypogonadism (HG) compared with non-HG controls using real-world data.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study using a large US administrative claims database, adult males with primary or secondary HG were selected from 2010 to 2014. Non-HG controls had no evidence of HG from 2009 to 2014 and were matched on age, insurance type, and geographic region to HG patients. Outcomes included absenteeism and associated costs.

Results: HG (vs non-HG) patients had a significant 15% increase in nonrecreational absenteeism hours (adjusted odds ratio 1.15, P = 0.002) and associated costs ($2152 vs $1172, P < 0.001) post-index after adjusting for pre-period differences.

Conclusion: The indirect economic burden of HG is significant. Further research is needed to test whether treatment with testosterone can help alleviate the indirect burden associated with HG.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Absenteeism*
  • Administrative Claims, Healthcare / statistics & numerical data
  • Adult
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cost of Illness*
  • Humans
  • Hypogonadism / economics*
  • Hypogonadism / etiology*
  • Insurance, Health / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • United States