Using the internet for suicide-related purposes: Contrasting findings from young people in the community and self-harm patients admitted to hospital

PLoS One. 2018 May 24;13(5):e0197712. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197712. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Despite accelerating interest in the impact of the internet on suicidal behaviour, empirical work has not captured detailed narratives from those who engaged in suicide-related internet use. This study explored the suicide-related online behaviour of two contrasting samples of distressed users, focusing on their purpose, methods and the main content viewed. In-depth interviews were conducted in the UK between 2014-2016 with i) young people in the community; and ii) self-harm patients presenting to hospital emergency departments. Data were analysed using methods of constant comparison. Suicide-related internet use varied according to the severity of suicidal feelings. In the young people sample, where severity was lower, use was characterised by disorganised browsing without clear purpose. A range of content was 'stumbled upon' including information about suicide methods. They also pursued opportunities to interact with others and explore online help. Self-harm patients were a higher severity group with a history of suicidal behaviour. Their use was purposeful and strategic, focused around 'researching' suicide methods to maximise effectiveness. They made specific choices about content viewed; many consulting factual content in preference to user generated accounts, while help content and communication was avoided. Findings indicate further action is necessary to improve online safety. Also, novel online help approaches are needed to engage individuals experiencing suicidal crisis. Awareness of the nature of suicide-related internet use and how this may reflect the status of an individual's suicidal thinking could be beneficial to clinicians to promote safety and indicate risk.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Female
  • Help-Seeking Behavior
  • Hospitals
  • Humans
  • Internet*
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Self-Injurious Behavior / pathology*
  • Self-Injurious Behavior / psychology
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Suicide* / statistics & numerical data
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

Jenny Donovan is in part supported by the National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) At University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust. All material in this publication was drawn from independent research commissioned and funded by the Department of Health Policy Research Programme (“Exploring the Use of the Internet in Relation to Suicidal Behaviour: Identifying Priorities for Prevention”, PRP 023/0163). The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Health. This publication is the work of the authors who serve as guarantors for the contents of this paper. The study sponsor had no further role in the study design and collection, analysis and interpretation of data or in the writing of the article and the decision to submit it for publication.