1 Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
2 ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, Brazil; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
3 Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Foundation and Cornell Reproductive Medicine Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
4 Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
5 Department of Surgery (Urology), Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
6 Department of Surgery (Urology), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
7 Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: r-brannigan@northwestern.edu.