Background: Recent studies in murine mammary tissue have identified functionally distinct cell populations that may be isolated by surface phenotype or lineage tracing. Previous groups have shown that CD24medCD49fhigh cells enriched for long-lived mammary epithelial cells can be serially transplanted.
Methods: Flow cytometry-based enrichment of distinct phenotypic populations was assessed for their gene expression profiles and functional proliferative attributes in vitro and in vivo.
Results: Here, we show Thy-1 is differentially expressed in the CD24medCD49fhigh population, which allowed us to discern two functionally different populations. The Thy-1+CD24medCD49fhigh phenotype contained the majority of the serially transplantable epithelial cells. The Thy-1-CD24medCD49fhigh phenotype contains a rare progenitor population that is able to form primary mammary outgrowths with significantly decreased serial in vivo transplantation potential.
Conclusions: Therefore, Thy-1 expression in the immature cell compartment is a useful tool to study the functional heterogeneity that drives mammary gland development and has implications for disease etiology.
Keywords: In vivo serial transplantation; Progenitor cells; Self-renewal; Tissue-specific stem cells.