1 Departments of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. jessicaspence13@gmail.com.
2 Departments of Medicine (Cardiology and Critical Care) and Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
3 Department of Medicine (Critical Care), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
4 Departments of Anesthesia and Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
5 Departments of Surgery (Cardiac Surgery) and Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
6 Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
7 Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.