In-depth validation of total HIV-1 DNA assays for quantification of various HIV-1 subtypes

Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 22;8(1):17274. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35403-6.

Abstract

HIV-1 DNA quantification serves as an important reservoir biomarker in HIV cure trials. However, the high genetic diversity of HIV-1 represented by different subtypes may bring inaccuracy in quantifying HIV-1 DNA and a sensitive and validated assay covering diverse HIV-1 subtypes is lacking. Therefore, we cross-validated total HIV-1 DNA assays described in literature using a three-step comparative analysis. First, a bioinformatics tool was developed in-house to perform an in silico evaluation of 67 HIV-1 DNA assays. Secondly, these selected assays were in vitro validated using a panel of different HIV-1 subtypes and, finally, ex vivo assessed on selected patient samples with different HIV-1 subtypes. Our results show that quantification of HIV-1 DNA substantially differs between assays and we advise five best performing HIV-1 DNA assays for ddPCR and qPCR (Schvachsa_2007, Viard_2004, Heeregrave_2009, Van_der_Sluis_2013, Yu_2008 and Yun_2002). This in-depth analysis of published HIV-1 DNA assays indicates that not all assays guarantee an optimal measurement of HIV-1 DNA, especially when looking across subtypes. Using an in-depth cross-validation, we were able to validate HIV-1 DNA assays that are suitable for quantification of HIV-1 DNA in a wide variety of HIV-1 infected patients.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Computer Simulation
  • DNA, Viral / analysis
  • Genetic Variation
  • HIV Infections / genetics
  • HIV Infections / virology*
  • HIV Long Terminal Repeat
  • HIV-1 / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods*
  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
  • Viral Load

Substances

  • DNA, Viral
  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic