Purpose The study authors have proposed to highlight the main epidemiologic and prognostic aspects of digestive malignancies in the Dolj county population, justifying the need for permanent and detailed estimate of this phenomenon. Methods The authors of the study have proposed to outline a descriptive epidemiological panel, characteristic for the population groups at risk of developing gastric cancers and establishing clinical factors (tumor location, disease stage, type of surgery) and histological factors (histopathological type, degree of tumor differentiation) with prognostic significance having as landmark, survival rate at 5 years or disease-free survival of 5 years. Results The study was conducted on a sample of 458 patients with gastric tumors endoscopically detected, histologically confirmed and treated between 2000-2010. The epidemiological study allowed us to outline the descriptive epidemiological panel characteristic for the group of patients at risk of developing gastric cancer. Analysis of correlation between clinical parameters and histopathological parameters reached statistical threshold in multivariate statistical analysis of the localization of tumor, disease stage and histological type (p <0.0001) and the degree of differentiation of gastric carcinomas (p <0.005). Multivariate statistical analysis has detected statistically significant differences in terms of survival rate at 5 years (p> 0.001) and free interval of disease at 5 years (p> 0.001), depending on the location of the tumor, correlated with other clinical factors (disease stage, type of surgery) and histological factors (histopathological type, tumor differentiation grade), which allowed us to outline clinical, histological and prognostic groups. Conclusions Defining the clinical, histological and prognostic groups, allows an accurate assessment of patient prognosis from the time of randomization and initiation of treatment, type of surgery in advanced loco-regional, reconverted to operability, after neoadjuvant polychemotherapy being dictated by the location of the tumor (1/3 superior vs. 1 / 3 medium vs. 1/3 lower stomach).
Keywords: descriptive epidemiology; disease-free survival of 5 years; gastric cancer; prognostic groups; the survival rate at 5 years.