Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Iran: A meta-analysis of 69 studies

Khadijeh Kalan Farmanfarma; Mahmoud Ali Kaykhaei; Hosein Ali Adineh; Mehdi Mohammadi; Soroosh Dabiri; Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.055

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Iran: A meta-analysis of 69 studies

Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019 Jan-Feb;13(1):792-799. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.055. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Authors

Khadijeh Kalan Farmanfarma¹, Mahmoud Ali Kaykhaei², Hosein Ali Adineh³, Mehdi Mohammadi⁴, Soroosh Dabiri⁵, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
² Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
³ Department of Epidemiology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
⁴ Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran.
⁵ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
⁶ Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Electronic address: ansarialireza@yahoo.com.

PMID: 30641809
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.055

Abstract

Aims: Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. The present study investigated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Iran.

Materials and methods: Published articles in English and Persian during 2000-2016 identified using keywords of prevalence, metabolic syndrome, and Iran in the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar, SID and Magiran. Random effect model used to calculate the pooled estimates. Heterogeneity of studies assessed using Q statistic, and geographical distribution of metabolic syndrome demonstrated via GIS map. Data were analyzed by STATA-11.

Results: The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 30.4% (95%CI: 28.3-32.6) with no significant heterogeneity by diagnostic criteria. The lowest frequency was reported in Sistan and Baluchestan Province [18.3% (95% CI: 12.9-25.8)] compared to the highest in Bushehr [57.8% (95% CI: 41.8-80.0)]. It was significantly more prevalent in women [(34.8% (95%CI: 31.2-38.8)] compared to men [25.7% (95%CI: 23.4-28.3)] (P = 0.001)]. A significant increasing trend (P = 0.001) was observed in different age groups, as metabolic syndrome increased from 12.1% (95% CI: 9.37-15.6) in 20-29 years-old age group to 51.7% (95%CI: 47.4-56.4) in the over 60 years-old age group.

Conclusions: Approximately one-third of Iranian adults have metabolic syndrome which varied by regions, age and gender. Then, appropriate intervention based on behavioral patterns of inhabitants and local conditions may help to reduce the burden of disease.

Keywords: Meta-analysis; Metabolic syndrome; Prevalence.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Review

MeSH terms

Humans
Iran / epidemiology
Metabolic Syndrome / diagnosis*
Metabolic Syndrome / epidemiology*
Prevalence