Evaluation of EBV- and HCMV-Specific T Cell Responses in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients Using a Normalized Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay

J Immunol Res. 2019 Feb 17:2019:4236503. doi: 10.1155/2019/4236503. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a complex etiology. Opportunistic viral pathogens, such as human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are particularly relevant. The role of the T cell response in SLE has not been deeply studied; we investigated the role of HCMV- and EBV-specific T cell responses in SLE patients also in relation to their pharmacological immunosuppressive status. PBMCs from 70 SLE patients and 50 healthy controls were stimulated with EBV- and HCMV-specific antigens, and IFN-γ-secreting T cells were quantified. We observed that both EBV- and HCMV-specific T cell responses were significantly lower in SLE patients compared with healthy subjects. We reported decreased EBV- and HCMV-specific T cell responses among medium-high immunosuppressed patients compared to low immunosuppressed patients. Immunosuppressive level could exert a role in the control of herpesviruses reactivation, even if the immunosuppressive condition of SLE remains the driving cause of skewed virus-specific T cell response.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antigens, Viral / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cytomegalovirus / immunology*
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / immunology*
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay
  • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / immunology*
  • Female
  • Herpesvirus 4, Human / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
  • Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / immunology*
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antigens, Viral
  • Interferon-gamma