Diabetes management and treatment approaches outside of North America and West Europe in 2006 and 2015

Acta Diabetol. 2019 Aug;56(8):889-897. doi: 10.1007/s00592-018-01284-4. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Abstract

Aims: The impact of introducing new classes of glucose-lowering medication (GLM) on diabetes management remains unclear, especially outside North America and Western Europe. Therefore, we aimed to analyse trends in glycaemic control and the usage of new and old GLMs in people with type 2 diabetes from 2006 to 2015.

Methods: Summary data from clinical services from nine countries outside North America and Western Europe were collected and pooled for statistical analysis. Each site summarized individual-level data from out-patient medical records for 2006 and 2015. Data included: demographics; HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels; and the proportions of patients taking GLM as monotherapy, combination therapy and/or insulin.

Results: Between 2006 and 2015, glycaemic control remained stable, although body mass index and duration of diabetes increased in most sites. The proportion of people on GLM increased, and the therapeutic regimens became more complex. There were increases in the use of insulin and triple therapy in most sites, while monotherapy, particularly in relation to sulphonylureas, decreased. Despite the introduction of new GLMs, such as DPP-4 inhibitors, insulin use increased over time.

Conclusions: There was no clear evidence that the use of new classes of GLMs was associated with improvements in glycaemic control or reduced the reliance on insulin. These findings were consistent across a range of economic and geographic settings.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Disease management; Glycated haemoglobin; Hypoglycaemic agents; Therapeutics.

MeSH terms

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology
  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Disease Management
  • Drug Utilization / statistics & numerical data*
  • Europe
  • Humans
  • Insulin / administration & dosage
  • Insulin / therapeutic use*
  • North America
  • Sulfonylurea Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Sulfonylurea Compounds / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors
  • Insulin
  • Sulfonylurea Compounds

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