Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. As DA neurons degenerate, PD patients gradually lose their ability of movement. To date no effective therapies are available for the treatment of PD and its pathogenesis remains unknown. Experimental models that appropriately mimic the development of PD are certainly needed for gaining mechanistic insights into PD pathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could provide a promising model for fundamental research and drug screening. In this review, we summarize various iPSCs-based PD models either derived from PD patients through reprogramming technology or established by gene-editing technology, and the promising application of iPSC-based PD models for mechanistic studies and drug testing.
Keywords: Aging; Dopaminergic neurons; Induced pluripotent stem cells; Parkinson’s disease; Somatic cell reprogramming.
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