Global Pharmacogenomics Within Precision Medicine: Challenges and Opportunities

Affiliations

• ¹ Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
• ² Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
• ³ Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
• ⁴ Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
• ⁵ National Health Service (NHS), London, UK.
• ⁶ Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
• ⁷ Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.
• ⁸ Department of Clinical Pharmacology and of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
• ⁹ iFIT Cluster of Excellence, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
• ¹⁰ Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA.
• ¹¹ Program in Personalized and Genomic Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
• ¹² Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
• ¹³ Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.