Management of large peripheral nerve defects with autografting

Abstract

Introduction: A segmental nerve defect from trauma results in significant loss of function of the extremity, and rarely occurs in isolation. Autografting of the nerve defect is the current gold standard.

Methods: A review of the recent literature regarding peripheral nerve defects after trauma treated with autograft.

Results: Identification of the zone of nerve injury is difficult and appropriate resection is critical for good outcomes. Meaningful recovery is more likely with application of excellent technique. Many of the factors affecting outcomes are not modifiable.

Conclusion: Nerve grafting for segmental nerve injuries continues to be an essential and appropriate treatment.

Keywords: Allograft; Arthrodesis; Autograft; Free functional muscle transfers; Nerve injury; Nerve transfers; Tendon transfers.