Enterovirus 71 vaccine acceptance among parents of children < 5 years old and their knowledge of hand, foot and mouth disease, Chongqing, China, 2017

PLoS One. 2019 Nov 27;14(11):e0225569. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225569. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

Background: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccine, which was put into market in China in 2016, has been viewed as a promising prevention measure against severe and fatal hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of HFMD and acceptability of EV71 vaccine among parents of under-five in Chongqing, China.

Methodology /principal findings: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017. A validated questionnaire consisting of three sections including demographic information, knowledge of HFMD, acceptability and reasons for declining vaccination was developed based on literature review. Factors associated with unwillingness to receive EV71 vaccine were explored using multivariate logistic regression. A total of 992 parents finished the questionnaire with a response rate of 91.9%. Awareness of HFMD and EV71 vaccine were reported by 823 (83.0%) parents and 386 (38.9%) parents respectively. Knowledge about HFMD was with a mean score of 5.0 (standard deviation = 3.5) out of a total score of 12. Only 369 (37.2%) participants were classified as with good knowledge level about HFMD. 279 (28.1%) participants had their children received EV71 vaccine and 271 (27.3%) expressed willingness to vaccinate their children after a short-time education about EV71 vaccine. Acceptability of EV71 vaccine increased along with parents' education level (p = 0.008) and HFMD knowledge level (p<0.001). Parents of scattered children had higher acceptability than those of preschool children (p = 0.002). 442 (44.6%) of participants were unwilling to have their children vaccinated with EV71 vaccine. The most common reasons for declining EV71 vaccine were doubts about its safety (56.6%) and efficacy (48.3%), and the necessity of vaccination (38.3%). Physicians and vaccination certificate were the parents' most trusted sources of vaccine information.

Conclusions: Parents' knowledge about HFMD was not sufficient, and nearly half of the parents expressed unwillingness to vaccinate their children with EV71 vaccine. Our findings stress that more efforts by health authorities in Chongqing are needed to increase the acceptability of EV71 vaccine, especially among parents of preschool children with lower education level.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Child, Preschool
  • China / epidemiology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Enterovirus A, Human / drug effects*
  • Enterovirus A, Human / isolation & purification
  • Enterovirus Infections / complications
  • Enterovirus Infections / drug therapy*
  • Enterovirus Infections / virology
  • Female
  • Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / epidemiology
  • Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / prevention & control*
  • Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / virology
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Parents / psychology
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / psychology
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / statistics & numerical data*
  • Vaccination / psychology*
  • Viral Vaccines / therapeutic use*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Viral Vaccines

Grants and funding

This project was supported by the High-level Medical Reserved Personnel Training Project of Chongqing, Chongqing Health Commission [grant number 2019GDRC014] and the National Key R&D Program of China [grant number 2017YFC0907303]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.