Objective: To undersand the monitor of occupational hazards in the enterprises in the past 5 years, as well as the distribution of occupational disease hazards and their dynamic changes in their respective jurisdictions, for providing scientific basis for prevention and control of occupational diseases in relevant departments. Methods: Taking the method of cluster sampling, select the monitoring results of the occupational disease hazard factors commissioned by the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2014 to 2018 and the annual monitoring data of the network of the occupational hazard declaration system of the Safety Supervision Bureau, using chi-square test, trend Statistical analysis was performed by chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method. Results: There were 461 testing companies in the past 5 years, with a total of 15, 186 monitoring points and 43428 samples. The pass rate was 94.32% (14324/15186) . The pass rate was increasing year by year from 2014 to 2017 (P<0.05) ; The pass rate of various occupational disease hazards surveillance were greater than 90% except the rate of physical factors. In 2014, the qualified rate of physical factors was the lowest, which was 86.99% (1558/1791) ; the production rate of different production scale enterprises in 2018 was higher than that of 2014. From 2014 to 2018, the number of inspection enterprises and the number of inspection points of the joint-stock economy and state-owned economic enterprises are both high, 58 (10091 points) and 71 (1830 points) respectively; The qualified rate of state-owned economy and collective economy monitoring is high, 98.36% (1800/1830) and 100% (74/74) respectively. It had reached more than 95%; The enterprises tested mainly from the economic development zone and Guangling, respectively accounting for 34.27% (158/461) and 33.84% (156/461) of the total number of enterprises. Which followed by the Hanjiang, accounting for 23.21% of the total number of enterprises (107/461) ; The monitoring enterprises were mainly distributed in the manufacturing and power industries, which accounted for 85.25% (393/461) and 6.07% (28/461) of the total number of enterprises, respectively. Conclusion: The monitoring rate of enterprises had been increasing year by year from 2014 to 2018. Noise was the main disease prevention and controlling factor in the area.In addition, micro-enterprises, individual economy and foreign-invested economy were the key targets for occupational health.
目的： 了解扬州市生产企业职业病危害因素的监测情况以及辖区内的职业病危害因素的分布情况及其动态变化，为相关部门职业病防控工作提供科学依据。 方法： 2019年1月采取整群抽样的方式，选取2014~2018年委托本市疾病预防控制中心检测的企业职业病危害因素监测结果和安监局职业危害申报系统系统网络直报年度监测数据，采用χ(2)检验、趋势性χ(2)检验或Fisher确切概率法进行统计分析。 结果： 5年累计检测企业数461家，累计监测点数15 186个，样品数43 428个，合格率为94.32%（1 434/15 186），2014~2018年合格率呈逐年上升趋势（P<0.05）；除物理因素，各种类职业病危害因素监测合格率均大于90%，2014年物理因素的合格率最低86.99%（1 558/1 791）；与2014年比较，2018年不同生产规模企业监测合格率较高。2014~2018年股份制经济和国有经济企业的监测企业数和监测点数均较多，分别58家（1 009/个点位）和71家（1 830个点位）国有经济、集体经济监测合格率较高，均达到98.36%（1 800/1 830）和100%（74/74）；监测的企业主要来自于经济开发区和广陵分别占企业数34.27%（158/461）和33.84%（156/461），其次为邗江占23.21%（107/461）；监测企业主要分布于制造业，占85.35%（393/461）。 结论： 杨州市职业病危害因素合格率逐年提高，噪声是主要防控的职业病危害因素，微型企业、个体经济和外商投资经济的是职业卫生重点监督对象。.
Keywords: Monitoring; Occupational disease; Occupational health; Risk factor.