Prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mehrbanoo Amirshahi; Niaz Behnamfar; Mahin Badakhsh; Hosein Rafiemanesh; Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie; Mahmood Sheyback; Mahdeh Sari

doi:10.4103/sja.SJA_401_19

Prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Saudi J Anaesth. 2020 Jan-Mar;14(1):48-56. doi: 10.4103/sja.SJA_401_19. Epub 2020 Jan 6.

Authors

Mehrbanoo Amirshahi¹, Niaz Behnamfar², Mahin Badakhsh¹, Hosein Rafiemanesh³, Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie⁴, Mahmood Sheyback⁵, Mahdeh Sari⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
² Master of Nursing, Department of Nursing, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
³ Student Research Committee, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
⁵ MSc, Bushehr University of Medical Science, Bushehr, Iran.
⁶ Student Research Committee, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.

Abstract

Objective: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a daily phenomenon, to which less attention has been paid in a variety of surgeries. Despite the individual studies, there is no comprehensive study on the prevalence of PONV. The aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence of PONV.

Materials and methods: In this systematic and meta-analysis study, descriptive studies of four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were searched for relevant texts from the time they were created until 31 December 2018. The random effects model was used for meta-analysis of studies included. All the steps were carried out by two individuals. Hoy et al.'s tool was used to evaluate its risk bias.

Results: A total of 23 studies that were performed on 22,683 people from 11 countries were entered into the final phase. The prevalence of PONV, nausea, and vomiting was 27.7%, 31.4%, and 16.8%, respectively. The prevalence of PONV was higher during the first 24 h in European countries.

Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of PONV and our goal to better control it, it is necessary to use high cost-effective approaches and recommendations and to educate health caregivers and patients.

Keywords: Meta-analysis; postoperative nausea and vomiting; prevalence; surgery complications.