Prognostic value of arterial stiffness measurements in cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and its complications: The potential role of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2020 Apr;22(4):562-571. doi: 10.1111/jch.13831. Epub 2020 Feb 14.

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) constitutes a global pandemic, representing the 7th cause of death worldwide. Morbidity and mortality of patients with T2DM are gradually increasing, while prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among these patients is almost 14% greater compared to the general population. Arterial stiffness is nowadays a valuable biomarker of CVD and a promising treatment target in specific patient groups, including those suffering from T2DM. Despite that fact, design of the available studies cannot prove causal relationship. Recently, a new antidiabetic drug class, namely sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, has attracted scientific interest, due to their multiple, beneficial, pleiotropic effects, especially those focused on CVD. There is limited relevant literature concerning the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on arterial stiffness, while retrieved results might be considered as conflicting. The aim of the present review article is to summarize acquired knowledge regarding the prognostic role of arterial stiffness in T2DM, along with the presentation of retrieved data on the potential role of SGLT-2 inhibitors.

Keywords: SGLT-2 inhibitors; arterial stiffness; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy
  • Glucose
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Prognosis
  • Sodium
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
  • Symporters
  • Vascular Stiffness*

Substances

  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
  • Symporters
  • Sodium
  • Glucose