Early Virus Clearance and Delayed Antibody Response in a Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) With a History of Coinfection With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Hepatitis C Virus

Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Nov 19;71(16):2233-2235. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa408.

Abstract

The effect of host immune status on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remains unknown. Here, we report the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)/hepatitis C virus coinfection, who showed a persistently negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA test but delayed antibody response in the plasma. This case highlights the influence of HIV-1-induced immune dysfunction on early SARS-CoV-2 clearance.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; HCV; HIV-1; antibody.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood*
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
  • Antibody Formation
  • COVID-19 / blood
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis
  • COVID-19 / immunology*
  • COVID-19 Serological Testing
  • Coinfection / immunology*
  • Coinfection / virology
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / immunology
  • HIV-1
  • Hepacivirus
  • Hepatitis C / complications*
  • Hepatitis C / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral