Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) . Methods: 83 patients with TTP from May 1998 to May 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Among the 83 patients, there were 27 males and 56 females, with a median age of 39 (10-68) years. 41 cases (49.4%) showed pentalogy syndrome and 79 cases (95.2%) showed triad syndrome. 78.0% (46/59) of the patients had a PLASMIC score of 6 or higher. TTP gene mutations was detected in 5 of 10 patients. The activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease (ADAMTS13) , which was detected in 10 patients before plasma exchange (PEX) , was less than 10% in 9 patients. 83 patients were treated with PEX/plasma infusion and glucocorticoid, 35 of which were treated combined with rituximab and/or immunosuppressant. The median follow-up was 34 (1-167) months, the effective rate was 81.9%, the remission rate was 63.9%, the relapse rate was (35.7 ±7.1) %, and the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was (78.6 ±4.6) %. The effective rate (72.9%vs 94.3%, P=0.019) and OS rate[ (63.8±7.5) %vs (94.3±3.9) %, χ(2)=8.450, P=0.004] in the group treated with PEX/PI and glucocorticoid alone were lower than those in the group treated combined with rituximab and/or immunosuppressant. COX multivariate analysis showed that age (HR=1.111, 95%CI 1.044-1.184, P=0.001) and alanine transaminase (ALT) /aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (HR=1.353, 95%CI 1.072-1.708, P=0.011) were independent risk factors for OS. Conclusion: Most patients with TTP have triad syndrome, accompanied by a decrease in ADAMTS13 activity. Plasma infusion and glucocorticoid combined with rituximab, immunosuppressive therapy could improve overall survival. The prognosis of patients with older age and high ALT/AST ratio is poor.
目的： 分析血栓性血小板减少性紫癜（TTP）患者的临床特征、治疗方案及转归。 方法： 回顾性分析1998年5月至2019年5月83例TTP患者的临床资料。 结果： 83例TTP患者中，男27例、女56例，中位年龄39（10~68）岁。41例（49.4%）表现为五联征，79例（95.2%）表现为三联征。78.0%（46/59）患者PLASMIC评分≥6分。10例行TTP基因检测，5例TTP基因突变。10例在血浆置换（PEX）前行血管性血友病因子裂解蛋白酶（ADAMTS13）活性检测，9例ADAMTS13活性<10%。83例患者均接受PEX/血浆输注（PI）+糖皮质激素治疗，其中35例联合利妥昔单抗和（或）免疫抑制剂。中位随访34（1~167）个月，总体有效率为81.9%，缓解率为63.9%，复发率为（35.7±7.1）%，3年总生存（OS）率为（78.6±4.6）%。单用PEX/PI+糖皮质激素组有效率（72.9%对94.3%，P=0.019）、OS率[（63.8±7.5）%对（94.3±3.9）%，χ(2)=8.450，P=0.004]低于联合利妥昔单抗和（或）免疫抑制剂组。多因素COX分析显示高龄（HR=1.111，95%CI 1.044~1.184，P=0.001）、高ALT/AST比值（HR=1.353，95%CI 1.072~1.708，P=0.011）是影响OS的独立危险因素。 结论： TTP患者多以三联征起病，可伴ADAMTS13活性下降。PEX/PI+糖皮质激素联合利妥昔单抗和（或）免疫抑制剂治疗可提高OS率。高龄和高ALT/AST比值患者预后欠佳。.
Keywords: PLASMIC score; Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; von Willebrand factor cleaving protease 13.