Background: Prevalence and complexity of persons with multiple chronic conditions (MCC), also known as multimorbidity, are shifting clinical practice from a single disease focus to one considering MCC and symptoms. Although symptoms are intricately bound to concepts inherent in MCC science, symptoms are largely ignored in multimorbidity research and literature.
Purpose: Introduce an Integrated Model of Multimorbidity and Symptom Science.
Methods: Critical integrative review and synthesis process.
Findings: The model comprises three primary domains: 1. Contributing/ Risk Factors; 2. Symptom/Disease/Treatment Interactions; and 3. Patient Outcomes.
Discussion: The model highlights the multilevel nature of contributing factors and the recursive interactions among multiple etiologies, conditions, symptoms, therapies, and outcomes.
Keywords: Conceptual model; Multimorbidity; Multiple chronic conditions; Nursing; Precision health; Symptoms.
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