Background: Minimal-fat angiomyolipoma (mf-AML) is often misdiagnosed as renal cell carcinoma before surgery.
Aim: To analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of mf-AML and the causes of misdiagnosis by MRI before operation.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on ten patients with mf-AML confirmed by surgical pathology, all of whom underwent preoperative MRI examination to analyze the morphological characteristics and MRI signals of the tumor.
Results: MRI revealed a circular-like mass in 4/10 (40%) patients, an oval mass in 6/10 patients (60%), a mass with a capsule in 9/10 patients (90%), and a mass with a lipid component in 7/10 patients (70%). The diameter of the masses in all ten patients was from 11 to 47 mm; the diameter was between 11 mm and 40 mm in 8/10 (80%) patients and between 40 mm and 47 mm in 2/10 (20%) patients.
Conclusion: An oval morphological characteristic is strong evidence for the diagnosis of mf-AML, while a capsule and lipids are atypical manifestations of mf-AML.
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging; Minimal-fat angiomyolipoma; Misdiagnosis; Preoperative diagnosis.
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