Visceral leishmaniasis is an uncommon, imported infectious disease in Sweden. Only two cases have been reported 1996-2016. During the last year, however, three cases of visceral leishmaniasis in children less than 3 years old have been treated at the Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital in Stockholm. They have all been infected during vacation in Southern Europe within their first year of life. We want to raise the awareness regarding this serious neglected tropical disease in the Swedish health care by describing these three cases.