Ubiquitination signaling is the main pathway of protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. Ubiquitin-proteasome system degrades the ubiquitinated cytoplasmic proteins and lysosome pathway mainly degrades the ubiquitinated membrane proteins. Previous studies have shown that ubiquitination signaling plays a critical role in fatty acids synthesis. In the process of fatty acids import, disruption of ubiquitination could prevent the degradation of fatty acid transport proteins, thereby promoting fatty acids import and milk fat synthesis in bovine primary mammary epithelial cells. In this review, we summarize the signal transduction and regulation mechanism of ubiquitination signaling in milk fat synthesis, which may provide references and new ideas for future research on milk fat traits in dairy cows.
泛素化途径是真核细胞中主要的蛋白质降解途径,其中泛素-蛋白酶体途径主要降解细胞质中的蛋白,溶酶体途径主要降解细胞膜蛋白。研究表明,泛素化途径在奶牛乳腺上皮细胞脂肪酸合成过程中起着关键的调控作用。在脂肪酸摄取过程中,泛素化途径调控异常可导致细胞膜上脂肪酸转运蛋白的泛素化降解受阻,使脂肪酸转运增强,进而增加奶牛乳脂的生成。本文综述了泛素化途径在奶牛乳脂生成过程中对相关蛋白的调控作用,以期为奶牛乳脂性状后续相关研究提供参考和新的思路。.
Keywords: fatty acid; lysosome pathway; milk fat synthesis; ubiquitinated-proteasome system; ubiquitination.