Epidurals during normal labour and birth - Midwives' attitudes and experiences

Abstract

Background: Midwives have their own beliefs and values regarding pain during childbirth. Their preferences concerning labour pain management may influence women's choices.

Aim: To gain a deeper understanding of midwives' attitudes and experiences regarding the use of an epidural during normal labour.

Methods: A qualitative approach was chosen for data collection. Ten in-depth interviews were conducted with midwives working in three different obstetric units in Norway. The transcribed interviews were analysed using Malterud's systematic text condensation.

Findings: The analysis provided two main themes: "Normal childbirth as the goal" and "Challenges to the practice, knowledge, philosophy and experience of midwives". Distinctive differences in experiences and attitudes were found. The workplace culture in the obstetric units affected the midwives' attitudes and their midwifery practice. How they attended to women with epidural also differed. An epidural was often used as a substitute for continuous support when the obstetric unit was busy.

Discussion: Midwives estimate labour pain differently, and this might impact the midwifery care. However, midwives' interests and preferences concerning labour pain management should not influence women's choices. Midwives are affected by the setting where they work, and research highlights that an epidural might lead to a focus on medical procedures instead of the normality of labour.

Conclusion: Midwives should be aware of how powerful their position is and how the workplace culture might influence their attitudes. The focus should be on "working with" women to promote a normal birth process, even with an epidural.

Keywords: Attitudes; Epidural; Experiences; Midwife; Qualitative method.