Objective: To understand the characteristics and differences of diarrhea-related symptoms caused by different pathogens, and the clinical features of various pathogens causing diarrhea. Methods: Etiology surveillance program was conducted among 20 provinces of China from 2010 to 2016. The acute diarrhea outpatients were collected from clinics or hospitals. A questionnaire was used to survey demographics and clinical features. VFeces samples were taken for laboratory detection of 22 common diarrhea pathogens, to detect and analyze the clinical symptom pattern characteristics of the patient's. Results: A total of 38 950 outpatients were enrolled from 20 provinces of China. The positive rates of Rotavirus and Norovirus were the highest among the five diarrhea-causing viruses (Rotavirus: 18.29%, Norovirus: 13.06%). In the isolation and culture of 17 diarrhea-causing bacterial, Escherichia coli showed the highest positive rates (6.25%). The clinical features of bacterial diarrhea and viral diarrhea were mainly reflected in the results of fecal traits and routine examination, but pathogenic Vibrio infection was similar to viral diarrhea. Conclusion: Infectious diarrhea presents different characteristics due to various symptoms which can provide a basis for clinical diagnosis.
目的： 了解不同病原体导致感染性腹泻相关症状的特征与区别。 方法： 基于2010-2016年我国20个省份的腹泻症候群感染性腹泻病原学监测，收集因急性腹泻就诊的门急诊病例，调查病例基本信息、采集粪便标本，进行共22种常见致泻病原体的病原学检测，分析不同病原体导致患者腹泻的临床症状模式特征。 结果： 共收集腹泻就诊病例38 950例。分别对5种致泻病毒核酸检测，轮状病毒阳性率最高（18.29%），其次为诺如病毒（13.06%）；对17种致泻细菌分离培养，致泻性大肠埃希菌分离率最高（6.25%）。细菌性与病毒性腹泻的临床特征差异主要体现在粪便性状与便常规检验结果，但致病性弧菌感染与病毒性腹泻较为相似。 结论： 不同病原体导致感染性腹泻的症状存在不同的特征，可为临床诊断提供依据。.
Keywords: Bacterium; Infectious diarrhea; Symptom; Virus.