Effectiveness of a nurse-led physical activity intervention to decrease cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged adults: A pilot randomized controlled study

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the nurse-led physical activity (PA) intervention on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction in individuals with moderate risk. A randomized controlled pilot trial was conducted with 12 individuals who have moderate cardiovascular risk meeting the inclusion criteria. Eleven individuals in the intervention group participated in a 12-week PA program (outdoor group walking with the group 5 days in a week, each lasting for 40 minutes) guided by a nurse. For determining the risk level of CVD, the "HeartScore program" was used. Height, weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol values of individuals in the intervention group were measured. At the end of nurse-led outdoor walking activity with the group for 12 weeks, systolic blood pressure (P = .041) and cholesterol (P = .001) values of individuals in the intervention group decreased based on the baseline levels and accordingly CVD risk levels decreased significantly (P = .019). There was no significant difference in the control group. This study demonstrates that health care professionals working in the family health centers can easily determine the CVD risk with the HeartScore. Outdoor group walking program guided by a nurse is effective in decreasing the CVD risk level.