Background: The content of the endosperm of the coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) contains "coconut water". This practically sterile liquid which is prized for its delicate, albeit labile, flavor when fresh, has had a recent dramatic increase in global demand. The organoleptic superiority of water from young coconuts means that degree of maturity at harvesting is the most influential factor in yield and composition.
Objective: To provide a guide to establishing the authenticity and the potability of samples of coconut water.
Method: Review and evaluate the literature on the factors that determine the composition and stability of coconut water.
Results: Data is presented on the variances in natural composition, maturity, processing-induced compositional changes, adulterations, product recalls, classical and instrumental methods of analysis and on the available composition standards of coconut water.
Conclusions: Advice is provided for official food analysts, and others, on prudent approaches as how to ascertain the authenticity and potability, or otherwise, of coconut water samples.
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