Polypharmacy in Middle-European Rheumatoid Arthritis-Patients: A Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Analysis With Systematic Literature Review

Jacqueline Désirée Jack; Rick McCutchan; Sarah Maier; Michael Schirmer

doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.573542

Polypharmacy in Middle-European Rheumatoid Arthritis-Patients: A Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Analysis With Systematic Literature Review

Front Med (Lausanne). 2020 Nov 19:7:573542. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.573542. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Jacqueline Désirée Jack¹, Rick McCutchan¹, Sarah Maier², Michael Schirmer¹

Affiliations

¹ Clinic II, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
² Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Abstract

Objective: To assess polypharmacy and related medication aspects in Middle-European rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to discuss the results in view of a systematic literature review. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, charts were reviewed from RA-patients consecutively recruited between September 27, 2017 and April 29, 2019. Drugs were assigned to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) groups as proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Results were compared to those of a systematic literature review. Results: One hundred seventy-five consecutive RA-patients were included. The mean number of drugs was 6.6 ± 3.5, with 2.4 ± 1.2 drugs taken specifically for RA-compared to 2.6 in the literature. 33.7% of patients experienced polypharmacy defined by ≥5 drugs, compared to 61.6% in the literature-with women affected more frequently than men. After 7 years of follow-up, the number of drugs increased in all ATC-groups by an average of 12.7 %, correlating with age (Corrcoeff = 0.46) and comorbidities (Corrcoeff = 0.599). In the literature, polypharmacy is not always defined precisely, and has not been considered in management guidelines so far. Conclusion: Polypharmacy is a frequent issue in RA-management. With an increasing number of comorbidities during the course of the disease, polypharmacy becomes even more relevant.

Keywords: arthritis (including rheumatoid arthritis); clinical pharmacology; coding; comorbidities; drug intake; gender differences; polypharmacy (source: MeSH, NML).