Chloroquine for treatment of COVID-19 results in subtherapeutic exposure and prolonged QTc intervals

R J Brüggemann; D J A R Moes; K P van Rhee; N E van 't Veer; B C P Koch; M van Rossum; A Vermeulen Windsant-van den Tweel; M H E Reijers; R R J van Kimmenade; J C Rahamat-Langedoen; T C D Rettig; R van Raalte; J van Paassen; F N Polderman; P D van der Linden; T Frenzel; Q de Mast; D M Burger; J Schouten; F L van de Veerdonk; P Pickkers; R Ter Heine

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106293

Chloroquine for treatment of COVID-19 results in subtherapeutic exposure and prolonged QTc intervals

Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2021 Mar;57(3):106293. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106293. Epub 2021 Jan 27.

Authors

R J Brüggemann¹, D J A R Moes², K P van Rhee³, N E van 't Veer⁴, B C P Koch⁵, M van Rossum⁶, A Vermeulen Windsant-van den Tweel⁷, M H E Reijers⁸, R R J van Kimmenade⁹, J C Rahamat-Langedoen¹⁰, T C D Rettig¹¹, R van Raalte¹², J van Paassen¹³, F N Polderman¹⁴, P D van der Linden¹⁵, T Frenzel¹⁶, Q de Mast¹⁷, D M Burger¹⁸, J Schouten¹⁹, F L van de Veerdonk²⁰, P Pickkers²¹, R Ter Heine²²

Affiliations

¹ Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
² Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: d.j.a.r.moes@lumc.nl.
³ Tergooi Hospital, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hilversum, The Netherlands. Electronic address: kvanrhee@tergooi.nl.
⁴ Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Amphia hospital, Breda, The Netherlands. Electronic address: 0000-0003-1312-8495NvtVeer@amphia.nl.
⁵ Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: b.c.p.koch@erasmusmc.nl.
⁶ Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: mara.vanrossum@radboudumc.nl.
⁷ Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, 's Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands. Electronic address: A.Vermeulenwindsant@jbz.nl.
⁸ Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Monique.Reijers@radboudumc.nl.
⁹ Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Roland.vanKimmenade@radboudumc.nl.
¹⁰ Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Janette.Rahamat-Langedoen@radboudumc.nl.
¹¹ Department of Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Amphia hospital, Breda, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Trettig@amphia.nl.
¹² Department of Intensive Care, Tergooi Hospital, Hilversum, The Netherlands. Electronic address: RvanRaalte@tergooi.nl.
¹³ Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. Electronic address: J.van_Paassen@lumc.nl.
¹⁴ Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Department of Intensive Care, 's Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands. Electronic address: f.polderman@jbz.nl.
¹⁵ Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Tergooi Hospital, Hilversum, The Netherlands. Electronic address: pvanderlinden@tergooi.nl.
¹⁶ Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Intensive Care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Tim.Frenzel@radboudumc.nl.
¹⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Quirijn.deMast@radboudumc.nl.
¹⁸ Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: David.Burger@radboudumc.nl.
¹⁹ Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Intensive Care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Jeroen.schouten@radboudumc.nl.
²⁰ Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: 0000-0002-1121-4894Frank.vandeVeerdonk@radboudumc.nl.
²¹ Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Intensive Care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: peter.pickkers@radboudumc.nl.
²² Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: R.terHeine@radboudumc.nl.

No abstract available

Publication types

Letter

MeSH terms

Aged
COVID-19 Drug Treatment*
Chloroquine / adverse effects*
Chloroquine / analogs & derivatives*
Chloroquine / blood
Chloroquine / pharmacokinetics*
Chloroquine / therapeutic use
Electrocardiography
Female
Humans
Long QT Syndrome / chemically induced*
Male
Middle Aged
SARS-CoV-2 / drug effects

Substances

Chloroquine
desethylchloroquine