The Challenging Diagnosis of Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with Sars-Cov-2 Infection-Two Case Reports and Literature Review

Marcela Daniela Ionescu; Roxana Taras; Bianca Dombici; Mihaela Balgradean; Elena Camelia Berghea; Alin Nicolescu

doi:10.3390/jpm11040318

The Challenging Diagnosis of Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with Sars-Cov-2 Infection-Two Case Reports and Literature Review

J Pers Med. 2021 Apr 19;11(4):318. doi: 10.3390/jpm11040318.

Authors

Marcela Daniela Ionescu^{1

2}, Roxana Taras^{1

2}, Bianca Dombici¹, Mihaela Balgradean^{1

2}, Elena Camelia Berghea^{1

2}, Alin Nicolescu²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
² Marie Curie Emergency Children's Hospital, 041451 Bucharest, Romania.

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus discovered in 2019 that caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19). During the last year, over 70 million people were infected and more than 1.5 million people died. Despite the tremendous number of people infected, children were less affected and presented milder forms of the disease. A short time after the pandemic was declared, a new hyperinflammatory syndrome resembling Kawasaki disease (KD) was described in children with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection named multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The incidence of MIS-C is low and it has a polymorphous clinical presentation, making the diagnosis difficult. Although the incidence is reduced, there is a high risk of cardiovascular complications. In order to raise awareness, we present the cases of two pediatric patients diagnosed with MIS-C in our clinic.

Keywords: Kawasaki disease; cytokines; multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children; pediatric COVID19—Kawasaki.