Time to Treatment in Pediatric Convulsive Refractory Status Epilepticus: The Weekend Effect

Pediatr Neurol. 2021 Jul:120:71-79. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2021.03.009. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Abstract

Background: Time to treatment in pediatric refractory status epilepticus is delayed. We aimed to evaluate the influence of weekends and holidays on time to treatment of this pediatric emergency.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected observational data of pediatric patients with refractory status epilepticus.

Results: We included 329 patients (56% males) with a median (p25 to p75) age of 3.8 (1.3 to 9) years. The median (p25 to p75) time to first BZD on weekdays and weekends/holidays was 20 (6.8 to 48.3) minutes versus 11 (5 to 35) minutes, P = 0.01; adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95 to 1.55), P = 0.12. The time to first non-BZD ASM was longer on weekdays than on weekends/holidays (68 [42.8 to 153.5] minutes versus 59 [27 to 120] minutes, P = 0.006; adjusted HR = 1.38 [95% CI: 1.08 to 1.76], P = 0.009). However, this difference was mainly driven by status epilepticus with in-hospital onset: among 108 patients, the time to first non-BZD ASM was longer during weekdays than during weekends/holidays (55.5 [28.8 to 103.5] minutes versus 28 [15.8 to 66.3] minutes, P = 0.003; adjusted HR = 1.65 [95% CI: 1.08 to 2.51], P = 0.01).

Conclusions: The time to first non-BZD ASM in pediatric refractory status epilepticus is shorter on weekends/holidays than on weekdays, mainly driven by in-hospital onset status epilepticus. Data on what might be causing this difference may help tailor policies to improve medication application timing.

Keywords: Clinical neurology; Epilepsy; Outcome research; Pediatric; Status epilepticus.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anticonvulsants / administration & dosage*
  • Benzodiazepines / administration & dosage*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Drug Resistant Epilepsy / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
  • Status Epilepticus / drug therapy*
  • Time Factors
  • Time-to-Treatment*

Substances

  • Anticonvulsants
  • Benzodiazepines