Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on a tertiary center pediatric otolaryngology emergency department

Abstract

To assess the quantitative and qualitative impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on pediatric otolaryngology emergency activity. A retrospective study was conducted in a pediatric otolaryngology tertiary care center. Emergency activity during the lockdown period from March 17 to May 11, 2020, was compared to the 2019 and 2018 averages for the same period. Study data included a number of emergency consultations and the number and type of surgical procedures: infection management, endoscopic airway procedure, and post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. Only 350 children were referred to the pediatric otolaryngology emergencies in our center during the lockdown, compared to 761 on the same period the year before (- 54%); 62 emergency surgeries were performed, compared to 93 (- 33%). The ratio between emergency surgeries and consultations was 18% in 2020, versus 12% previously (p = 0.014). The number of surgical procedures for infectious diseases decreased (- 68%), at 16% of surgical emergencies in 2020 compared to 33% previously (p = 0.017). In 2020, 52 emergency endoscopies were performed, versus 59 previously (- 12%), 27% being performed for suspected tracheobronchial or esophageal foreign bodies, compared to 66% in previous years (p < 0.0001). No post-tonsillectomy hemorrhages were managed in 2020.Conclusion: The COVID-19 lockdown changed pediatric ENT emergency activity quantitatively and also qualitatively. What is Known: • SARS-CoV-2 pandemic impacted pediatric ENT emergency activity quantitatively and qualitatively. What is New: • here was a 54% decrease in pediatric ENT emergency consultation and 33% decrease in emergency ENT surgeries. • Rates of surgery for infection of whatever type decreased by 68%.

Keywords: COVID-19; Emergency; Pediatric otorhinolaryngology; SARS-CoV-2.