Objective: To investigate appropriate protocol of treatment modulation for seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR) patients, in order to promote the implementation of personalized medicine. Methods: Total of 124 AR patients allergic to cypress pollens were recruited from January to February 2020 in Department of Allergy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 43 males and 81 females with an average age of (41±9) years. The patients were divided into two groups with block randomization method. In the first group, treatment was modulated every two days according to the average daily rhinoconjunctivitis symptom score of the last two days (short-term symptom-score group); while in the second group, therapy regimen was adjusted every week based on the Allergic Rhinitis Control Test (ARCT) score of the last week (long-term ARCT group). The treatment level was up-regulated when the cypress pollen count increased and stayed at a high level (step-up pharmacotherapy stage); and treatment was down-regulated while the pollen count decreased (step-down pharmacotherapy stage). Daily symptom scores, medicine scores, and ARCT scores of the two groups were recorded and compared. Results: During the whole cypress pollen season, the daily rhinoconjunctivitis symptom score of short-term symptom-score group was significantly lower than that in long-term ARCT group(2.4±1.0 vs 2.7±1.0, P<0.01), and the difference between the two groups was more pronounced in the step-up pharmacotherapy stage than that in the step-down pharmacotherapy stage, while there was no statistical difference between the daily medicine scores of the two groups (P>0.05). During the pollen rising period, the ARCT score of short-term symptom-score group was significantly better than that of long-term ARCT group (21(19, 22) vs 20 (17, 21), P=0.049); while in the pollen peak period and decreasing period, the ARCT scores of the two groups showed no statistical difference (P>0.05). The proportion of incompliance with doctor's advice was higher in long-term ARCT group compared to that in short-term symptom-score group (30.1% vs 6.7%, P<0.001). Conclusion: The protocol of treatment modulation for seasonal AR patients allergic to pollens should be developed flexibly according to the variation trend of pollen allergen exposure, so as to implement the idea of personalized medicine.
目的： 探讨季节性变应性鼻炎（AR）患者适宜的调药方案，以促进个体化治疗的实施。 方法： 2020年1至2月在北京协和医院变态反应门诊招募124例柏树花粉过敏性AR患者，其中男43例，女81例，年龄（41±9）岁，区组随机的方法分为2组。第1组患者每隔2日，根据前2日的平均鼻结膜炎日症状评分调整用药级别（短期症状评分组）；第2组患者每隔1周，根据既往1周的AR控制测试（ARCT）评分调整用药（长期ARCT组）。在柏树花粉浓度上升及高峰持平期两组均上调药物，为加药期；在花粉浓度下降期两组均下调药物，为减药期。记录比较两组患者的日症状、用药及ARCT评分。 结果： 整个花粉季期间，短期症状评分组日均鼻结膜炎症状评分低于长期ARCT组［（2.4±1.0）分比（2.7±1.0）分，P<0.01］；而两组每日用药评分差异则无统计学意义（P>0.05）。在花粉浓度上升期，短期症状评分组的ARCT评分优于长期ARCT组［21（19， 22）分比20（17， 21）分，P=0.049］；而在花粉浓度高峰期和下降期，两组的ARCT评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。长期ARCT组违背调药医嘱次数的比例高于短期症状评分组（30.1%比6.7%，P<0.001）。 结论： 花粉过敏的季节性AR患者应当根据花粉暴露量的变化规律灵活选择调药方案，以体现个体化医疗的理念。.