Background: Antibiotics have revolutionised modern medicine; however, since their discovery a century ago, their effectiveness against common infections is waning. Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important challenges of our time. Reversing the trend of increasing resistance is vital to ensure procedures such as surgery, neonatal care and organ transplants remain safe. Inappropriate use of antibiotics is the most important driver of resistance. As the vast majority of antibiotics are prescribed by general practitioners, primary care has an important part to play in preserving antibiotics for the future.
Objective: The aim of this article is to describe how antibiotic use in Australia compares globally and what can be learnt from countries with successful antimicrobial stewardship.
Discussion: Australia is making progress, with unnecessary use of antibiotics declining, but there is still a long way to go. The National Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy is Australia's commitment to the health of future generations. General practice is integral to its success.