Persistent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection With accumulation of mutations in a patient with poorly controlled Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection

Tongai G Maponga; Montenique Jeffries; Houriiyah Tegally; Andrew Sutherland; Eduan Wilkinson; Richard J Lessells; Nokukhanya Msomi; Gert van Zyl; Tulio de Oliveira; Wolfgang Preiser

doi:10.1093/cid/ciac548

Persistent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection With accumulation of mutations in a patient with poorly controlled Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection

Clin Infect Dis. 2023 Feb 8;76(3):e522-e525. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac548.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.
² Department of Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
³ KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
⁴ Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation (CERI), School of Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
⁵ Discipline of Virology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences and National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
⁶ National Health Laboratory Service, Tygerberg Business Unit, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁷ Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Abstract

A 22-year-old woman with uncontrolled advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was persistently infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) beta variant for 9 months, the virus accumulating >20 additional mutations. Antiretroviral therapy suppressed HIV and cleared SARS-CoV-2 within 6 to 9 weeks. Increased vigilance is warranted to benefit affected individuals and prevent the emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; antiretroviral therapy; immunocompromised; persistent infection; uncontrolled HIV infection.

Publication types

Case Reports
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
COVID-19*
Female
HIV Infections* / complications
HIV Infections* / drug therapy
Humans
Mutation
SARS-CoV-2 / genetics
Young Adult

Supplementary concepts

SARS-CoV-2 variants