Demonstration of mucus simulant clearance in a Bench-Model using acoustic Field-Integrated Intrapulmonary Percussive ventilation

Abstract

Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation (IPV) is a high-frequency airway clearance technique used to help in mucus transport for mechanically ventilated and unventilated patients. Despite the many years of usage, this technique does not provide clear evidence of its intended efficacy. This is mainly attributable to the lack of in vitro observations that show "mucokinesis" towards the direction of the mouth. In the current manuscript, we demonstrate and subsequently propose a mechanism that details the movement of a mucus simulant in the proximal (towards the mouthpiece) direction. Towards this end, a novel method utilizing a high-frequency acoustic field in addition to the conventional air pulsations brought forth by traditional IPV is proposed. Under these conditions, at certain parameter settings, it is shown that the simulant is broken down into much smaller parts and subsequently pushed in the upstream direction gradually over a period of half-hour.

Keywords: High frequency airway clearance; IPV; Mucokinesis; Pulsed flow; Sound field; Ventilation.