Observational cross-sectional study of the association of poor broadband provision with demographic and health outcomes: the Wolverhampton Digital ENablement (WODEN) programme

BMJ Open. 2022 Nov 1;12(11):e065709. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065709.

Abstract

Objectives: The association between impaired digital provision, access and health outcomes has not been systematically studied. The Wolverhampton Digital ENablement programme (WODEN) is a multiagency collaborative approach to determine and address digital factors that may impact on health and social care in a single deprived multiethnic health economy. The objective of this study is to determine the association between measurable broadband provision and demographic and health outcomes in a defined population.

Design: An observational cross-sectional whole local population-level study with cohorts defined according to broadband provision.

Setting/participants: Data for all residents of the City of Wolverhampton, totalling 269 785 residents.

Primary outcomes: Poor broadband provision is associated with variation in demographics and with increased comorbidity and urgent care needs.

Results: Broadband provision was measured using the Broadband Infrastructure Index (BII) in 158 City localities housing a total of 269 785 residents. Lower broadband provision as determined by BII was associated with younger age (p<0.001), white ethnic status (p<0.001), lesser deprivation as measured by Index of Multiple Deprivation (p<0.001), a higher number of health comorbidities (p<0.001) and more non-elective urgent events over 12 months (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Local municipal and health authorities are advised to consider the variations in broadband provision within their locality and determine equal distribution both on a geographical basis but also against demographic, health and social data to determine equitable distribution as a platform for equitable access to digital resources for their residents.

Keywords: COVID-19; epidemiology; general medicine (see internal medicine); health policy; health services administration & management; organisational development.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Economics, Medical*
  • Ethnicity*
  • Geography
  • Humans
  • Social Support