Objective: To examine the effect of excimer laser ablation (ELA) combining with drug-coated balloon (DCB) for atherosclerotic lesions in no-stenting zones (NSZ) of the lower extremity. Methods: From June 2019 to December 2021, 46 patients who underwent ELA combining with DCB in lesions of NSZ at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively enrolled, including 29 males and 17 females. The age was (72.5±11.7) years (range: 42 to 93 years). Among them, 44 lesions (95.7%, 44/46) were in popliteal artery and 2 lesions (4.3%, 2/46) were in common femoral artery. Chronic total occlusion (CTO) was observed in 31 patients (76.4%, 31/46), and stenotic lesions were observed in 15 patients (32.6%, 15/46). The length of lesions was (7.3±2.7) cm (range: 3.0 to 13.2 cm). Patients were followed at 6, 12 months after surgery and every year thereafter, and they underwent Doppler and CT angiography examination at each follow-up point. The primary endpoint was primary patency. The secondary endpoints included major amputation-free survival (MAFS) rate, technical success, bailout stent, ankle-brachial index (ABI), target lesion reintervention (TLR). Student t test was applied to compare the difference between ABI of 6 or 12 months after surgery and the baseline. Primary patency, freedom from TLR, and MAFS rate were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: The technical success rate was 91.3% (42/46). The rate of procedure-related complication was 6.5% (3/46), and all the complications were distal embolization. The rate of flow-limiting dissection was 8.7% (4/46). ABI was significantly increased at 6 and 12 months compared to preoperatively (0.90±0.10 vs. 0.42±0.10, t=-4.48, P<0.01; 0.87±0.12 vs. 0.42±0.10, t=-5.21, P<0.01). The follow-up time[M(IQR)] was 22.5 (8.8) months (range: 6 to 32 months). TLR was performed in 4 patients (4/46, 8.7%). The 2-year primary patency was 86.2% (95%CI: 71.8% to 93.5%). The 2-year freedom from TLR and MAFS rate were 90.7% (95%CI: 77.0% to 96.4%) and 97.8% (95%CI: 85.6% to 99.7%), respectively. Conclusion: ELA combining with DCB can be applied to treat atherosclerotic lesions in NSZ.
目的： 探讨准分子激光消蚀联合药物涂层球囊治疗下肢动脉非支架区动脉粥样硬化病变的临床效果。 方法： 回顾性纳入2019年6月至2021年12月在复旦大学附属中山医院和复旦大学附属金山医院接受准分子激光消蚀联合药物涂层球囊治疗的46例下肢动脉非支架区动脉粥样硬化病变患者，男性29例，女性17例；年龄（72.5±11.7）岁（范围：42~93岁）；腘动脉病变44例（95.7%，44/46），股总动脉病变2例（4.3%，2/46）；狭窄病变15例（32.6%，15/46），完全闭塞病变31例（76.4%，31/46）；病变长度（7.3±2.7）cm（范围：3.0~13.2 cm）。术后6个月、12个月及之后每年1次随访，进行下肢动脉多普勒超声和CT血管造影检查。主要观察指标为靶血管一期通畅率，次要观察指标为无大截肢生存率、技术成功率、补救性支架植入率、踝肱指数、靶血管再干预等。采用t检验比较术后6个月、12个月踝肱指数与术前的差异，通过Kaplan-Meier法计算下肢动脉靶血管一期通畅率、免于再干预率、无大截肢生存率。 结果： 本组技术成功率为91.3%（42/46）。手术相关并发症发生率为6.5%（3/46），均为远端血管栓塞，限流性夹层发生率为8.7%（4/46）。患者术后6个月、12个月的踝肱指数明显高于术前（0.90±0.10比0.42±0.10，t=-4.48，P<0.01；0.87±0.12比0.42±0.10，t=-5.21，P<0.01）。随访时间［M（IQR）］为22.5（8.8）个月（范围：6~32个月），4例（8.7%，4/46）患者接受再干预。术后2年的一期通畅率为86.2%（95%CI：71.8%~93.5%），免于再干预率为90.7%（95%CI：77.0%~96.4%）无大截肢生存率为97.8%（95%CI：85.6%~99.7%）。 结论： 准分子激光消蚀联合药物涂层球囊可用于治疗下肢动脉非支架区动脉粥样硬化病变。.