Pre-admission use of sodium glucose transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) may significantly improves Covid-19 outcomes in patients with diabetes: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2023 Jan:195:110205. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110205. Epub 2022 Dec 9.

Abstract

Aims: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of using sodium glucose transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) before hospital admission on Covid-19 outcomes in diabetic patients.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using specific keywords until October 24th, 2022 on 4 databases: Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. All articles regarding SGLT-2i in diabetic patients with Covid-19 were included in the study. Outcomes in this study were calculated using random-effect models to generate pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: A total of 17 studies were included in the analysis. Our meta-analysis showed that pre-admission use of SGLT-2i was associated with reduced mortality (OR 0.69; 95 %CI: 0.56 - 0.87, p = 0.001, I2 = 91 %) and severity of Covid-19 (OR 0.88; 95 %CI: 0.80 - 0.97, p = 0.008, I2 = 13 %). This benefit of SGLT-2i on Covid-19 mortality was not significantly affected by patient's factors such as age (p = 0.2335), sex (p = 0.2742), hypertension (p = 0.2165), heart failure (p = 0.1616), HbA1c levels (p = 0.4924), metformin use (p = 0.6617), duration of diabetes (p = 0.7233), and BMI (p = 0.1797).

Conclusions: This study suggests that SGLT-2i as glucose lowering treatment in patients with diabetes has a positive effect on Covid-19 outcomes, therefore can be considered as an antidiabetic drug of choice, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Short Title: SGLT-2i in diabetes and Covid-19.

Registration details: CRD42022369784.

Keywords: Antidiabetic; Coronavirus disease 2019; Covid-19; Diabetes; SGLT-2.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review
  • Meta-Analysis

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Pandemics
  • Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors* / pharmacology
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins