Associations between Vitality/Nutrition and the Other Domains of Intrinsic Capacity Based on Data from the INSPIRE ICOPE-Care Program

Luc Gaussens; Emmanuel González-Bautista; Marc Bonnefoy; Marguerite Briand; Neda Tavassoli; Philipe De Souto Barreto; Yves Rolland; On Behalf Of The Gegn Group

doi:10.3390/nu15071567

Associations between Vitality/Nutrition and the Other Domains of Intrinsic Capacity Based on Data from the INSPIRE ICOPE-Care Program

Nutrients. 2023 Mar 24;15(7):1567. doi: 10.3390/nu15071567.

Authors

Luc Gaussens¹, Emmanuel González-Bautista¹, Marc Bonnefoy², Marguerite Briand¹, Neda Tavassoli¹, Philipe De Souto Barreto^{1

3}, Yves Rolland^{1

3}, On Behalf Of The Gegn Group

Affiliations

¹ Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, 31300 Toulouse, France.
² Service de Médecine Gériatrique, CHU Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Sud, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France.
³ CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, Inserm, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France.

Abstract

Background: The vitality domain of intrinsic capacity (IC) represents the synthesis of biological interactions and metabolism. As part of the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) program developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), vitality focuses on the nutritional status of older adults. The objective of this work was to describe the vitality domain of IC in community-dwelling older people and to examine the associations of the vitality components (appetite loss and weight loss) with the other IC domains assessed within the framework of ICOPE.

Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained between January 2020 and February 2022 through the INSPIRE-ICOPE-Care program, a real-life ICOPE implementation initiative developed in the Occitania region of France. Participants were men and women aged 60 and older, looking for primary care services within the French healthcare system.

Results: Appetite loss was reported by 14.0% (2013) of the participants, and weight loss by 12.4% (1788). A total of 863 participants (6.01%) declaring weight loss also suffered from appetite loss. In total, 2910 participants (20.27%) screened positive for the domain of vitality. Appetite loss was significantly associated with positive screenings for the domains of cognition (OR = 2.14 [1.84;2.48]), vision (OR = 1.51 [1.28;1.79]), hearing (OR = 1.18 [1.01;1.37]), psychology (OR = 3.95 [3.46;4.52]), and locomotion 'OR = 2.19 [1.91;2.51]). We found significant associations of weight loss with the IC domains of cognition (OR = 1.65 [1.42;1.93]), psychology (OR = 1.80 [1.56;2.07]), locomotion (OR = 1.64 [1.41;1.91]), vision (OR = 1.24 [1.04;1.47]), and hearing (OR = 1.32 [1.12;1.55]). People reporting simultaneous appetite and weight loss showed higher odds of screening positive for psychological (OR = 5.33 [4.53;6.27]) and locomotion impairments (OR = 3.38 [2.88;3.98]).

Conclusions: Appetite and weight loss are common among older people and are related to other potential IC impairments, especially psychological and locomotion. Further studies are needed to explore the longitudinal associations of vitality with the incidence of clinically meaningful declines in the other IC domains.

Keywords: ICOPE; appetite; intrinsic capacity; older people; prevention; vitality; weight loss.

MeSH terms

Aged
Appetite
Cognition
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Nutritional Status*
Weight Loss*

Grants and funding

The Inspire Program is supported by grants from the Region Occitanie/Pyrénées-Méditerranée (Reference number: 1901175), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (Project number: MP0022856), MSD Avenir, and the Inspire Chairs of Excellence funded by: Alzheimer Prevention in Occitania and Catalonia (APOC), EDENIS, KORIAN, Pfizer, Pierre-Fabre.