Can running-related injuries be prevented through an online behavioural intervention in adult novice runners? Results of a randomised controlled trial

Henrike van der Does; Ellen Kemler; Vincent Gouttebarge

doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001522

Can running-related injuries be prevented through an online behavioural intervention in adult novice runners? Results of a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2023 May 29;9(2):e001522. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001522. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Henrike van der Does¹, Ellen Kemler¹, Vincent Gouttebarge^{2

3

4

5}

Affiliations

¹ Dutch Consumer Safety Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
² Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³ Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
⁴ Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), IOC Research Center of Excellence, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
⁵ Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Sports, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Runfitcheck on time until the onset of a new running-related injury (RRI) among adult novice runners.

Methods: A three-arm randomised controlled trial was conducted over 7 months. Adult novice runners completed a baseline online questionnaire on their characteristics, running activity, RRIs and injury preventive behaviour. Runners were randomly allocated to one of two intervention groups or the control group (n=238). One intervention group obtained access to the Runfitcheck (n=252), an online intervention to encourage injury preventive behaviour, and was fortnightly promoted to use Runfitcheck; the other intervention group (n=251) was directed towards the Runfitcheck once. Runners were followed for 4 months, not all starting at the same time over 7 months. The main outcome measure was time to a new RRI using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Overuse Injury Questionnaire, and was analysed with survival analysis Cox regression. Generalised estimating equations (GEE) were used to gain insight into the effectiveness of the Runfitcheck.

Results: The time to the occurrence of the first RRI did not differ between the study groups (Wald χ²=0.893). GEE analysis showed no difference in the risk of a new RRI in the group that was referred to the Runfitcheck once (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.74) nor in the active approach group (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.45) compared with the control group. Furthermore, the onset of the new RRIs did not change over time (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.01).

Conclusions: The online intervention Runfitcheck was ineffective in reducing the instantaneous risk of new RRIs in adult novice runners. More research is needed to determine how injuries in novice runners can be prevented.

Trial registration number: Dutch Trial Registry (ID: NL7823).

Keywords: Behaviour; Randomised controlled trial; Running; Sporting injuries.