Application of Haddon strategy training on self-care behavior and disease consequences in heart failure

Abstract

Objectives: Heart failure affects the physical, physiological, social, and activities of individuals. The study aimed to teach preventive behavior with Haddon strategy on self-care behavior and the consequences of heart failure.

Methods: In this clinical trial, 96 patients with heart failure were randomly assigned to two groups. The Haddon group was educated with Haddon prevention strategies three times a week, for 60 minutes. A demographic questionnaire, self-care index, and consequences checklist were filled in both groups at the start of the study, discharge time, and one month after the last training session. Statistical analysis was done using independent t-test, paired t-test, chi-square, Fisher and analysis of covariance, Friedman, and Cochran Q in SPSS with version 23.

Results: Self-care behavior in the Haddon group after training significantly increased (p < 0.001). Disease consequences were significantly reduced in the Haddon group after training (p < 0.05). The consequences of the disease in Haddon group decreased during 4 weeks of monitoring and the changes were significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: It is suggested that this educational method could be used to increase self-care behavior, prevent hospitalizations, decrease symptoms, and improve quality of life for patients with heart failure.

Practice implications: Nurses can identify and manage risk factors for heart disease using the Haddon strategy.

Keywords: Disease outcome; Haddon strategy; Heart failure; Self-care.