Metformin for knee osteoarthritis with obesity: study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BMJ Open. 2023 Dec 9;13(12):e079489. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079489.

Abstract

Introduction: Over half of the populations with knee osteoarthritis (OA) have obesity. These individuals have many other shared metabolic risk factors. Metformin is a safe, inexpensive, well-tolerated drug that has pleiotropic effects, including structural protection, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in OA, specifically the knee. The aim of this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is to determine whether metformin reduces knee pain over 6 months in individuals with symptomatic knee OA who are overweight or obese.

Methods and analysis: One hundred and two participants with symptomatic knee OA and overweight or obesity will be recruited from the community in Melbourne, Australia, and randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either metformin 2 g or identical placebo daily for 6 months. The primary outcome is reduction of knee pain [assessed by 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)] at 6 months. The secondary outcomes are OMERACT-OARSI (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology-Osteoarthritis Research Society International) responder criteria [Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain, function and participant's global assessment (VAS)] at 6 months; change in knee pain, stiffness, function using WOMAC at 6 months and quality of life at 6 months. Adverse events will be recorded. The primary analysis will be by intention to treat, including all participants in their randomised groups.

Ethics and dissemination: Ethics approval has been obtained from the Alfred Hospital Ethics Committee (708/20) and Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (28498). Written informed consent will be obtained from all the participants. The findings will be disseminated through peer-review publications and conference presentations.

Trial registration number: ACTRN12621000710820 .

Keywords: Knee; Obesity; Randomized Controlled Trial.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial Protocol
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Double-Blind Method
  • Humans
  • Obesity / complications
  • Obesity / drug therapy
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee* / complications
  • Osteoarthritis, Knee* / drug therapy
  • Overweight / complications
  • Pain / complications
  • Quality of Life
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Treatment Outcome