Geographic source of bats killed at wind-energy facilities in the eastern United States

PeerJ. 2024 Feb 5:12:e16796. doi: 10.7717/peerj.16796. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Bats subject to high rates of fatalities at wind-energy facilities are of high conservation concern due to the long-term, cumulative effects they have, but the impact on broader bat populations can be difficult to assess. One reason is the poor understanding of the geographic source of individual fatalities and whether they constitute migrants or more local individuals. Here, we used stable hydrogen isotopes, trace elements and species distribution models to determine the most likely summer geographic origins of three different bat species (Lasiurus borealis, L. cinereus, and Lasionycteris noctivagans) killed at wind-energy facilities in Ohio and Maryland in the eastern United States. In Ohio, 41.6%, 21.3%, 2.2% of all individuals of L. borealis, L. cinereus, and L. noctivagans, respectively, had evidence of movement. In contrast, in Maryland 77.3%, 37.1%, and 27.3% of these same species were classified as migrants. Our results suggest bats killed at a given wind facility are likely derived from migratory as well as resident populations. Finally, there is variation in the proportion of migrants killed between seasons for some species and evidence of philopatry to summer roosts. Overall, these results indicate that the impact of wind-energy facilities on bat populations occurs across a large geographic extent, with the proportion of migrants impacted likely to vary across species and sites. Similar studies should be conducted across a broader geographic scale to understand the impacts on bat populations from wind-energy facilities.

Keywords: Bats; Conservation; Isotope; Migration; Wind-energy facilities.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chiroptera*
  • Humans
  • Maryland
  • Ohio
  • Seasons
  • United States
  • Wind*

Associated data

  • Dryad/10.5061/dryad.kd51c5bcr

Grants and funding

This work was supported by a grant (GRT00046616) from the Competitive State Wildlife Grants Program to Ohio State University and the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science as jointly administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Ohio Division of Wildlife and the Maryland Department of Natural Resources. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.